Breeding Cold-hardy Fruit Crops in Minnesota
نویسنده
چکیده
The Univ. of Minnesota has one of the oldest, continuous fruit breeding programs in North America. It serves a region that experiences all the vagaries of a continental climate, with temperatures ranging from above 35C in the summer to below – 40C in the winter. Precipitation, as rain during the growing season and snow during the dormant season, can vary dramatically from year to year. These would not seem to be the most ideal conditions for fruit growing. Indeed, as newspaperman Horace Greeley reportedly said in 1860, “I would not live in Minnesota because you can’t grow apples there. ” The goal of the breeding program is to develop fruit cultivars that will survive and bear fruit regularly at a commercially profitable level under these conditions. The success of the program is due to a) long-term continuity of dedicated researchers and financial support for the breeding effort, b) the capability to evaluate genotypes for cold hardiness in laboratory freezing trials and in multiple-location field trials during advanced testing, and c) the collection, evaluation, and use of key cold-hardy germplasm.
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